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Researchers identify three omitted kings in ancient Assyrian history

A study suggests the official Assyrian King List omitted several short-lived or rival rulers, serving as a political canon rather than an objective chronological record.

The short version

  • Researchers Alexander Johannes Edmonds and Eckart Frahm identified three previously unrecognized rulers omitted from the official Assyrian King List.
  • The analysis relies on historical evidence from cuneiform tablets, a stela found in Iraq, and a damaged royal statue.
  • The findings suggest the ancient Assyrian King List was a periodically updated political legitimizing tool rather than an impartial chronological record.

Key facts

  • A study published in the Journal of Cuneiform Studies by Alexander Johannes Edmonds and Eckart Frahm argues that three rulers were excluded from the Assyrian King List.[ScienceDaily]
  • A British Museum clay tablet provides evidence for an overlooked ruler named Tiglath-pileser, who likely ruled concurrently with his nephew Aššur-dān III around 763–762 BCE following a solar eclipse.[ScienceDaily]
  • Evidence from an 1894 stela found at Tell 'Abta, Iraq, points to a missing king named Shalmaneser proposed to have reigned immediately before Tiglath-pileser III took power in 745 BCE.[ScienceDaily]
  • A cuneiform tablet and a damaged statue at Aššur suggest a third forgotten ruler named Aššur-uballiṭ governed around 913–912 BCE.[ScienceDaily]

What remains uncertain

  • The exact factors and cultural mechanisms determining which kings were included or erased from the canonical list remain unresolved by researchers.[ScienceDaily]

Sources